5 of the Most Anticipated Books By Asian Authors in 2020

5 of the Most Anticipated Books By Asian Authors in 2020 One of the breakout stories of 2019 happened when Adele Lim, an Asian woman writing the Crazy Rich Asians’s movie sequel, left the project because of huge pay disparity. She was reportedly being paid almost ten times less than her white co-writer. In an interview with The Hollywood Reporter, Lim, through a reported speech, said that “women and people of color often are regarded as ‘soy sauce’â€"hired to sprinkle culturally specific details on a screenplay, rather than credited with the substantive work of crafting the story.” On top of all this, the directors response left much to be desired. But no matter how saddening the outcome is, it calls for a stronger solidarity for Asian and other writers of color. Here are five books for you to consider reading this year to support them: Djinn Patrol on the Purple Line by Deepa Anappara (February 4th, 2020) This mix of literary fiction and mystery might be what you’re looking for if you want to be immersed in Indian culture. Djinn Patrol on the Purple Line follows 9-year-old Jai as he investigates several disappearances in his neighborhood. What starts as an innocent probing turns into a serious case. The book effortlessly combines local folklore, like the Djinns, and significant themes such as social class and poverty in India. Amnesty by Aravind Adiga (February 18th, 2020) From the author of the Booker prize winner The White Tiger comes a relevant and timely tale. Danny, an illegal immigrant in Australiaâ€"after being denied a refugee statusâ€"just witnessed a horrendous crime. The dilemma is whether to report it to the authorities and risk being sent back to Sri Lanka, or let the justice do its own job. In the age of forced migration and displacement, this one hits home the most. Riverrun by Danton Remoto (April 4th, 2020) Previously published by a local Philippine publisher, Penguin Random House Southeast Asia is re-releasing an extended and international edition of this poignant tale from one of the pioneers of gay writing in the Philippines. Riverrun is a coming-of-age story that follows a young gay boy growing up under the government’s tyranny in 1960s Philippines. The book is genre-bending. At times, it feels like a novel, but it can feel a lot like memoir, too. The Groom Will Keep His Name by Matt Ortile (June 2nd, 2020) This is another queer Filipino writing on the list. The Groom Will Keep His Name is a collection of essaysâ€"slash-memoir from a gay Filipino immigrant in the United States. It explores what every gay immigrant faces when moving to the West: the search for identity and sexual exploration. This debut also documents Ortile’s social awakening when it comes to issues on race and ethnicity. Antiemetic for Homesickness by Romalyn Ante (July 23rd, 2020) We dont get enough poetry collections by poets who are a women of color and Asian. And I don’t see a lot of women Asian poets making it this big, so this one definitely makes this list. Antiemetic for Homesickness is a perfect read for every immigrant who straddles two worlds. Ante, who was brought by her mother to the United Kingdom as a child, explores identity, culture, and language in this debut collection. Like other Filipino works, like the hit comic series Trese (soon to be a Netflix anime series), this collection also incorporates Philippine mythology and folklore. These are only five of the most-anticipated reads from Asian writers this year. Want more books from Asian writers? Here’s a recommended reading: Backpacking Around Southeast Asia With 11 Books From 11 Countries Also, make sure to check out my contributor page for more Asian content.

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 998 Words

In the story The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald demonstrates what exactly the American dream meant in the 1920s. Luxury, money, cars and parties symbolize the â€Å"American Dream† at this time period. Everyone’s ambition was to accumulate enough wealth to afford themselves comfortable lifestyles. As a matter of fact, these variables were all achieved by Jay Gatsby, a poor boy full of hopes and dreams. However, this novel shows how reality will always end up shattering any expectancy, including the American dream. All in all, Gatsby represents the reason people move to America, to aspire either for wealth, education, or any other goals. First of all, Jay Gatsby has accomplished what he wanted: he has built its’ prosperity and is surrounded†¦show more content†¦All this in a context in which the American dream of the 1920s decays along with the superficiality of the upper class. For instance, when Gatsby died all the people who were uninvited to his parties went, but they did not bother to go to his funeral. The falseness and emptiness of the upper class: the novel explores the differences and similarities between the new rich and the old money. According to the LitCharts website, it states, â€Å"Old money families have fortunes dating from the 19th century or before, have built up powerful and influential social connections... The new money class made their fortunes in the 1920s boom and therefore have no social connections and tend to overcompensate for this lack with lavish displays of wealth† (The Theme of Class). This demonstrates the two different classes in America not to mention the Va lley of Ashes where the lost dreams and hopes remain. The condition of the American dream in the 1920s were â€Å"ashes† in this place and people like George and Myrtle tries to escape but failed. Additionally, in the last words of the novel, Nick reflects on the past and dreams of the future, referring to the green light that was in front of the house of the Buchanan, that light that Gatsby watched every night. The green light has played an important role because it represents the dreams and hopes of Gatsby just like the American dream for people. The book, states, â€Å"his dream must have seemed so close that heShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

Adidas Referee Kits For International Association Teams

Adidas is a German worldwide corporation that designs and produce sports shoes, clothing and accessories headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria. It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the second biggest in the world. Football kits and the associated equipment for football has always been Adidas main focus . Adidas remains a major company in the supply of team kits for international association football teams and clubs. Adidas makes referee kits. Adidas referee kits are used in competition internationally and used by many countries and leagues in the world. Adidas has been a go-getter in the area of footwear for the sport, with famous examples including the 1979 release of the Copa Mundial moulded boot used for matches on firm dry pitches. It holds the honor of the bestselling boot of all time. The soft-ground equivalent was named World Cup and it too remains on the market, timeless and iconic. Adidas has been criticized for operating sweatshops, particularly in Indonesia. Many of its suppliers that supported unions for subcontractors with less reputable labor rights records were rejected by Adidas between 2006 and 2007. Adidas was also criticized for being racist. a picture of a pair of Jeremy Scott-designed shoes containing shackles was posted on june 14,2012 by Adidas on their facebook page . The picture was of a planned shoe line that Adidas intended to release in July. The photo quickly caused controversy including that of Jesse JacksonShow MoreRelatedAdidas2393 Words   |  10 PagesPRODUCTS Running Adidas currently manufactures several running shoes, including the adiStar Control 5, the adiStar Ride (the replacement for the adiStar Cushion 6), the Supernova Sequence (the replacement for the Supernova Control 10), and the Supernova Cushion 7 (which will soon be replaced by the Supernova Glide), among others. In addition, their performance apparel is widely used by runners. Adidas also uses kangaroo leather to make their more expensive shoes. Association football One of theRead MoreCase Study on Adidas Supply Chain7726 Words   |  31 PagesAdidas |Adidas | |[pic] | |Type |Public (AG, FWB: ADS) | |Founded |1924 (registered in 1949)[1] | |Founder(s) |Adolf Dassler | |Headquarters |Herzogenaurach, Germany | |Key people

London prepares for the Olympics Free Essays

The photograph on the sheet was taken in early 2009 and presents a snapshot of the major development under way in preparation for the 2012 London Olympics. In the foreground one can see Stratford east railway station where key transport developments are taking place. In the background are a number of Olympic construction projects, including the Westfield Shopping Mall. We will write a custom essay sample on London prepares for the Olympics or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the past, the land shown in the photograph used to be mainly low industrial units, transport depots and railway sidings. It was relatively low-value land, which is one of the reasons that this site was chosen for the Olympics. The owners of the various industrial units have received support and compensation to enable them to relocate elsewhere. 1. What is the evidence that major redevelopments are taking place? It is evident that there is construction going on in the area, this can be seen particularly from the machinery but also because: -the Westfield Shopping Mall can be seen in the background, still under construction. – There are lots of buildings which can be seen in the background. -there is a large sign which says ‘Everyone’s London 2012’ which suggests that the developments taking place are on a large scale to attract large amounts of people. 2. The development at the railway station is part of an overall plan to provide a top quality public transport infrastructure for the Olympic Games. What are the benefits of this approach to transport management? -Well, the Olympic Games by nature are going to attract large amounts of people to come, and this is financially rewarding. However, public transport infrastructure must be carefully taken into consideration, because no matter how amazing the Olympic Games are, if people cannot reach there, then it may end up being a big problem (for example financially, if many people do not even bother to purchase tickets to attend the Olympic Games, as the destination is not accessible. -well thought out infrastructure is convenient for people when travelling. -Also, regarding long term benefits, it means that more people in the local area can travel after the Olympic Games to work in other areas (perhaps secure jobs with higher incomes). -the temporary workers on the Olympic Site can travel there conveniently. – The main benefit is that it will help to ensure the public gets to the venues in time and in some degree of comfort. 3. Notice that there is a slogan in the photograph, albeit partially obscured that reads ‘Everyone’s London 2012’. A) What do you think is meant by this slogan?It means that all these developments which are taking place for the Olympic Games, when finished are for everyone to enjoy and experience, for example not just the athletes and tourist, but local people as well. Basically, the ambition of ‘everyone’s 2012’ is to inspire people of all ability, belief, postcode, and colour to participate fully in the Games – and it extends far beyond London and late summer 2012. B) How will the local community benefit from the building work taking place in preparation for the Olympics? -the area is hoped to be regenerated socially, economically and environmentally. -the sporting facilities can be used by the community; this can promote a healthy lifestyle in an area with high levels of obesity. -the community can enjoy more entertainment/recreation facilities such as the Westfield Shopping Mall. -improvements in transport infrastructure have the most long term benefits as local people can benefit from its convenience, also it means that local people could travel to other areas for job opportunities. -lots of temporary jobs will be needed, especially in the construction industry, so local people’s skills can be used, and local people can be trained as well (e.g. apprenticeships). – Boosting social and economic prospects in Stratford and the Lower Lee Valley, an area of high unemployment and deprivation. – Bringing about the transformation of largely derelict, brown-field sites through comprehensive and co-ordinated development. -Improvements to transport infrastructure which would be of benefit to the wider Thames Gateway area. C) One critical element of London’s winning Olympic bid was the so-called ‘legacy’ of the games- the longer term benefits arising for the local community. Can you see from the photograph what some of these might be? Well, there are obviously a lot of developments going on, and it is likely that the sports facilities could be used in the future by local communities, as well as recreational uses such as the Westfield Shopping Mall, and generally the area will attract tourists, and therefore increase the economy of the area (e.g. prices going up such as hotels charging more money etc which will benefit the tourist industry). Other benefits include: * Sports facilities with a national and international profile. * The Olympic stadium itself, which could be used for an Athletic or Premiership football stadium. * 4,000-4,500 new residential units built to house teams in the Olympic village- could be used to provide affordable and key worker housing. * A 1,000,000 sq ft media centre would be created for the games, which would have the latest technology and could be used as a centre for media based organizations and creative industries in the future and would also encourage associated and complementary industries and lever in much needed private investment. * An increase in tourism linking into and complementing existing and planned regeneration in east London (people still go to Barcelona and Munich to visit the Olympic sites) * Wholesale environmental and landscaping improvements and new urban design concepts * Staging a major international event such as the Olympics would be a major cultural boost to east London, which has long suffered from the image of dereliction and unattractiveness. It would be an excellent chance to publicise the area’s wide cultural diversity and create tourist attractions such as an Olympic Park. 4. If you were to visit the areas shown here one year after the photograph was taken, how do you think it would have changed? I think there would still be a high level of construction going on, and the area would look more developed e.g. the Westfield Shopping Mall might have more added to its exterior (such as the windows etc). There might also be more people there (e.g. working/just observing etc). How to cite London prepares for the Olympics, Papers

Women And Spirituality (961 words) Essay Example For Students

Women And Spirituality (961 words) Essay Women And SpiritualityWomen and Spirituality What we find as an original response to existences meaning is the belief in a greater being or higher power, eg. God, that we serve and obey in the trade for a fruitful, everlasting life. This can be connected to the theory of the Earth-Mother. The female in nature was intended to represent reoccurring life. Ancient people held the belief that they would return to the body of the womb of mother earth and then be given a new life. This ancient belief is similar to our own when compared. The view of the religious world can give meaning and purpose to the lives of the people as it gives them hope. Hope that if they live their lives as God had intended for them, they will be granted entrance into heaven, an everlasting, peaceful place. It gives people meaning as to what they should do with their lives. We will write a custom essay on Women And Spirituality (961 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The religious view also brings order in people’s lives. Purpose in someone’s life is also introduced in the world view; they can go to church and have the holy rituals which every religion practices. This may offer people a sense of purpose in their life. Religion cannot be contained by a certain definition because religion is, simplistically enough, what you want it to be. No one can write a definition of religion as it is really just personal opinion. Religion can be the way you live your life, but for someone else it may just be another word in their vocabulary. With the advent of the feminist movement, the role of women in all parts of society has come under increasing scrutiny. One area of recent controversy is the role of women in the Christian Church. Some churches whose traditions and practices are less rigidly tied to Biblical doctrines have begun placing women in leadership positions such as pastor or teacher. Other churches which interpret the Bible more literally have been slow to adopt such changes. Most Commentators agree that man and woman are both equally a reflection of Gods image; the word man here is used as a synonym for humanity. Adam and Eve were also given joint dominion over creation. The role of the man is leadership, while the role of woman is as a source of strength and support. If a person wants to understand the Christian authority of a man over his wife, he must consider how Christ demonstrated his leadership as head over the Church. Primarily, he gave his life for his church, not using force or coercion for her submission. Many people would dispute the Bibles relevance to contemporary thought in general, and in particular to the role of women in worship. If the Bible were not written under divine inspiration, a person or practice is not bound by its teachings. He or she can therefore pick and choose whatever corresponds to his/her point of view. However, if the Bible is of divine inspiration, then a cautious consideration of passages relevant to a particular issue must be undertaken. Traditions and customs, that have arisen after the Bible was written, may thus be carefully scrutinized. Such practices may or may not prove sound after comparison with scripture. If women are not allowed to have a voice or some kind of input, the church could be loosing a valuable resource of wisdom. If a husband does not consider his wives thoughts and ideas as being important or valid, his family is surely incomplete, dysfunctional and doomed to failure. Therefore, as the church strives to realize Gods purpose for women, we must remember the truths of the scripture and apply them to our present day culture. .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 , .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .postImageUrl , .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 , .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:hover , .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:visited , .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:active { border:0!important; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:active , .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3 .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u280737b6b46f656c4a2cd823444546c3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pitfalls Of Relativism Essay This will allow men and women to present the Christian message to our world in the most powerful way. Feminist ethics has much to offer Catholicism. For one, the main issues that concern feminist ethics are basically the same ones that make up Catholic identity. That is, how women and men define themselves in society, what means are available to them for attaining their ends- in short inter personal and social relations. Second, the founding principles that guide feminist ethics are rooted in the tradition of natural law, a tradition well known to Catholicism. So, while the approach of feminist ethics has been to scrutinize traditions which seek to oppress women by supporting unequal social structures, the guiding principles behind feminist ethics still remain well lodge in natural law. It is in the founding principles of natural law where feminist ethics and Catholicism meet. And it is also here where lies the main contribution of feminist ethics for the future of Catholicism. Feminists, argue for freedom, but only in so far as the common good avoids considering social dynamics and inter-personal relations. Apart from rejecting unequal relations that arise from not taking into consideration what makes up human existence, feminists, like the natural law tradition, believe that a common good is worth pursuing. So, while on the outset feminists may look like as if they are breaking away from Catholicism, they are in fact much closer to Catholicism than one may think. As new challenges bring the Church to question its ethics and as women and men seek new identities, feminist ethics can help Catholicism make the transition so that the challenges of modern society can be met. I believe that Johnson makes an important contribution to Christianity by showing us that it is possible to remain within tradition while progressing. Often I find myself thinking if Christianity will ever be able to survive considering its rigid ethics. The renewal interest in natural law is showing us that we can continue to press forward while remaining in touch with our Christian background. Religion Essays

Oslo Accords and the period 1993-1994 The WritePass Journal

Oslo Accords and the period 1993-1994 Abstract Oslo Accords and the period 1993-1994 Abstract 1 Brief history of the Oslo accords1.1 Introduction1.2 What this meant for Palestine and Israel1.3 The right to exist Reactions from differing sides of the conflict2.1 Israel and Palestine2.2 How the Oslo Accords affected the world2.2.1 Responses in USA2.2.2 Arab States2.2.3 European countriesConclusionBibliographyRelated Abstract The Oslo Accords of 1993 had profound potential for both the Palestinians and the Israelis. This essay examines the underpinnings of the Oslo accords alongside the impact that the process had on the rest of the world. With the evidence illustrating the complex nature of the peace plan, this essay will of use to any researcher looking into the Middle Peace process. 1 Brief history of the Oslo accords 1.1 Introduction The Middle East has been the source of war and conflict for generations, with leading statesmen and peacemakers from around the world trying to solve the issues. The Oslo accords marked an effort by the Palestinians and the Israelis to come together in order to promote peace and understanding between the struggling factions[1].   With the United States lending their support to the crafting of an inclusive framework, the Oslo Accords were meant to provide a path to peace for the both of the nations.   The Oslo Accords made historical changes in the world, including the creation of the Palestinian National Authority, or PNA[2].   This recognition by Israel created a means to justify the self-rule of the Palestinian region.   Israel agreed to pull much of its military and civilian population from the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. As a condition of the Oslo Accords, the Palestinian Liberation Organization or PLO formally recognized Israel and their right to exist[3].   In turn, the Israelis officially acknowledged that the PLO was the representative of the population of Palestine. This step forward led to the re-patriotism of leaders and the promise of hope for the immediate future.   Leadership for the Palestinian organization was headed by Yasser Arafat, long exiled from his homeland by Israel[4].   Israel was represented by Yitzhak Rabin a man known for the capacity to create opportunities out of difficult situations.   With the assistance of prominent allies, there was a real concerted effort to create this five year avenue to peace, and bring about a resolution to the long running conflict. 1.2 What this meant for Palestine and Israel The Oslo Accords created the potential for a breakthrough in the gridlock experienced by Palestine and Israel[5].   On several levels the points in the accords brought both entities into what they perceived as a better position.  Ã‚   The accords were made up of several elements, including the withdrawal of the occupying Israeli forces, economic partnership and fundamental regional development[6]. Each of these components was designed to enhance the perception of balance and partnership in order to bring peace to the area.   Yet, others credit the Israeli with crafting a policy that allowed them to gradually institute a more personally favourable policy over time[7].   Many international critics cite the uncertain nature of the period allowing the Israeli government to capitalize on the unorganized nature of the PLO leadership[8]. For both Palestine and Israel the Oslo Accords meant a great deal of change and adjustment in order to achieve the best perceived results[9].   Enhanced cooperation created the first element that was meant to bring the parities closer together, yet served to only highlight the deep divisions. Secondarily, Israel would be able to reduce their standing military while nominally retaining judicial authority over the region[10]. Not only would this component reduce the drain on Israeli defence funds, it would create the perception of action to coincide with the rhetoric.   A long time hallmark of the dispute between the entities was the presence of the military to bolster Israel’s position and strength[11].   In many cases, the blatant presence of ham handed tactics only served to drive the opposition to great lengths[12]. Palestine would not only experience the drawdown of Israeli troops in the disputed zone, but would be accorded the right of a sovereign to have their own law enforcement authority as a result of the Oslo Accords[13]. This extension of basic national rights heralded a fundamental shift away from previous policy and signalled the potential for growth in the relationship.   The partnership of the accords meant that both nations would share information and appoint officials in order to maintain day to day governance[14].   This gradual integration and recognition of political and regional officials, by both parties, continued to ensure that each one was completely aware of what the other was doing.   Yet, as a consequence of Israel’s military strength and capacity, the outside security issues would continue to be relegated to their authority, which in turn gave the Israel continuous influence in the region[15].   While both parties gave ground, each one received a substant ial boost from cooperating with the effort. Overall, the Oslo Accords attempted to focus the peace effort in eh Middle East in order to benefit the entire region. With the recognition of Israel’s right to exist as well as the concession of the PLO representing the Palestinians there were fundamental steps forward. With clear benefits, politically, militarily and economically there was incentive to participate in the process with the clear hope of finally bringing calm to the region. 1.3 The right to exist Both Israel and Palestine have argued about the legitimacy of one another’s nations[16]. The very creation of the Israeli state following World War II out of the Palestinian occupied area was not recognized by the PLO as being a working entity.     The Palestinians were not recognized or allowed the right to exist by Israel[17].   This issue was a key element of the Oslo Accords, which was designed with the specific intention of reducing tension and resolving the long running conflict.   In their efforts to defy the Israeli independence, the Palestinian had cast the creation of Israel as illegal and refused to recognize the nation[18].     With no recognized nation residing where Palestine now rests, Israel was not under any compunction to recognize the region as an independent nation.   In both a cultural and religious manner, the two separate areas of the Palestine Mandate as created by the United Nations was designed to accommodate the Jew’s and the sta teless Arabs that were currently making their home upon the region[19].   Originally claimed by the Ottoman Empire, following World War One, the states of Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and Iraq with Jordan make up the majority of the Palestine Mandate.   At the time of Israel’s formation utilizing the remaining portion of the Palestinian Mandate, the UN created a non-Arab state in a region deeply adverse to such a government[20].   This fact alone caused the Arab states in the area to deny the state of Israel.   Following the founding of Israel with a declaration of war by their neighbours, there has been an unending determination on the part of Arab nations to destroy the Jewish Israel[21].   The Middle East was in a state of constant turmoil until the early 1990’s and the steps toward the Oslo accord. As a loose collection of Arabs, many Israelis claim that the remainder of the Palestinian Mandate belongs to the nation of Israel[22].   Lacking a clear sovereign or national infrastructure weakens the Palestinian claim to statehood and self-determination. Alongside the absence of the remaining criteria including a permanent population, defined territory and the capacity to conduct operations with other governments, the Palestine entity was under constant pressure to find a means to be recognized as a state in its own right[23] . With the Oslo Accords, Israel recognized the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people. Conversely, the PLO authority recognized Israel’s right to exist as a nation and both pledged to diminish the use of violence in their pursuit of their objectives[24].   With these letters of mutual recognition both parties felt justified in accepting one another as serious regional partners and moving forward. Reactions from differing sides of the conflict 2.1 Israel and Palestine The reaction was varied and violent for both the Palestinian and Israeli factions[25].   Internal elements within the region contributed to the heightening of tensions in the region as a response to the accords.   Israelis[26] found themselves supporting the Oslo peace process on the left wing with very strong and sustained opposition coming from the right wing of the government. The emotion that the decision engendered was only exacerbated by the perceived violent transgressions credited to the Palestinian supporters[27].   There was a deep division of mistrust and bias on the part of both governments. The division in Palestine was very similar in nature, in that the Accords split the group into factions[28].   With powerful groups both lined up to promote the Accords and others intent on tearing apart the process, there was little agreement to be had as to the direction.   The groups that included the Hamas led the effort to discredit and destroy the effort[29].   This effort to diminish the potential of the peace accord led to many violent outcomes over the course of the next decade.   During the period of 1993-1999 there was an estimated 4000 terrorist attacks directly credited to Hamas, with a death toll of over a thousand Israelis, that starkly illustrates the turbulent nature of the Middle East region.   Yet, during this same period, the Israelis have been credited with consistently stoking tensions in the region utilizing settlements and the overpowering military might that the nation has developed[30].   While the infrastructure of the Oslo Accords was designed to allow each of the partners the space to work and grow, the result was degeneration into factional fighting that only served to lead the Middle East further down the path to continued unrest. 2.2 How the Oslo Accords affected the world The efforts to stabilize the Middle East were pivotal to the world during the 1990’s[31].   This was a deeply emotional experience for much of the world, as a method of peace was finally within reach[32]. With the end of the Cold War and the need to ensure oil production, the Middle East played a major role in the capacity of the international community to come together in a peaceful and progressive manner. 2.2.1 Responses in USA America was a deeply involved partner in the development of the Oslo Accords[33]. Following the failure of the Camp David Accords and the election of democratic President Clinton, there was a real sense of opportunity that provided the drive to encourage the exchange of ideas. President Clinton took a personal hand in the development of the peace process, overseeing the historical handshake between Yitzhak Rabin and Yasser Arafat that was heralded as the point of a new beginning in the region[34].   In a very real way, the American Nation tried hard and put a substantial portion of their prestige on the line as the United States President attempted to unlock one of the thorniest issues to emerge in modern memory. 2.2.2 Arab States The Oslo Accords were a matter of great angst for the nearby Arab nations of the Middle East[35]. With some factions voicing the practical view that the agreement was necessary in order to ensure peace in the region, there were the converse citizens that were not only opposed but violently opposed to the entire framework. In turn, this created a highly volatile situation following the initial adoption of the accords[36].   With supporters of both sides willing to do whatever it took to succeed in their goals, the state of the region was thrown into disarray and uncertainty.   This period witnessed a servere anti Jew reaction within the entire region of Arab states[37]. 2.2.3 European countries By and large the European nations felt that the Oslo Accords would be a benefit to a worldwide peace and acceptance of the Israeli nation[38].   Not only were the prospects of a calm Middle East attractive to the more developed nations, the overall furthering of the international peace process was seen has a sign of the times.   With some allies including Norway assisting Israel in the extreme, the efforts to find a solution to the generation’s old conflict was felt to be within reach[39].   Yet, factions that opted for violence were a constant threat to derail the peace process both, within and without the European region[40] Conclusion This essay has illustrated the deep issues that served to separate and divide the region once known as the Palestine Mandate.   With so many impacts on the both the religious and social elements around the world, peace in the Middle East is a long held dream. This essay examined the role of the Oslo Accords and the impact that it has had on the world with several interesting results. The Oslo Accords were a fundamental shift away from the patterns of the past, with an effort to focus on a brighter future. Beginning with the formation of Israel and the displacement of the Palestinian Arabs, the simmering violence has only served to diminish the opportunities for the population to thrive.   Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin, with the assistance of key allies including the United States and Norway fashioned an infrastructure that had the potential to guide the warring factions toward a harbour of peace.   The bitter divide that exists with each of the entities is credited with derailing the Oslo Accord process in the selfish pursuit of short term gains. With the Middle East playing a major role in the world economic, social and religious progression, there is a need for a method for lasting peace in the region. Each effort to attain this peace will add to the overall probability of success. While the Oslo Accords may not have accomplished everything that they set out do, the effort provided the first steps toward some form of resolution.   The lesson that trying to find peace without the majority of the population to support the effort will likely end in failure will enable a means to finding a better way forward.   In the end, it will not be a single set of accords or laws that will make the difference, it will be the recognition by both factions that they each have a right to not only exist, but be happy that will provide the means to reach the next level of civilization in the region. Bibliography Armstrong, K. 1996.  One city, three faiths. London: HarperCollins. Atran, S., Axelrod, R., Davis, R. and Others. 2007. Sacred barriers to conflict resolution.Science, 317 pp. 10391040. Barnett, M. 1999. Culture, strategy and foreign policy change: Israels road to Oslo.  European Journal of International Relations, 5 (1), pp. 536. Brown, N. J. 2003.  Palestinian politics after the Oslo Accords. Berkeley: University of California Press. Celso, A. N. 2003. The Death of the Oslo Accords: Israeli Security Options in the Post-Arafat Era.  Mediterranean Quarterly, 14 (1), pp. 6784. Freedman, R. O. 1998.  The Middle East and the peace process. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. Gorelick, B. A. 2003. The Israeli Response to Palestinian Breach of the Oslo Agreements.  New Eng. J. Intl \ Comp. L., 9 pp. 651695. Hatina, M. 1999. Hamas and the Oslo Accords: religious dogma in a changing political reality.Mediterranean Politics, 4 (3), pp. 3755. Horowitz, D. 2005. Occupation and Settlement.  Discovery, 1 (2), pp. 1-5. Jones, D. 1999.  Cosmopolitan mediation?. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Kelman, H. C. 1999. The interdependence of Israeli and Palestinian national identities: The role of the other in existential conflicts.  Journal of Social Issues, 55 (3), pp. 581600. Pundak, R. 2001. From Oslo to Taba: What Went Wrong?.  Survival, 43 (3), pp. 3145. Rynhold, J. 2007. Cultural Shift and Foreign Policy Change Israel and the Making of the Oslo Accords.  Cooperation and Conflict, 42 (4), pp. 419440. Sasley, B. E. 2010. Affective attachments and foreign policy: Israel and the 1993 Oslo Accords.European Journal of International Relations, 16 (4), pp. 687709. Weinberger, P. E. 2006.  Co-opting the PLO. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Zureik, E. Sammy Smooha, The Orientation and Politicization of the Arab Minority in Israel, Monograph Series on the Middle East, No. 2 (Haifa: Institute of Middle East Studies, Haifa University, 1984). Pp. 230.  International Journal of Middle East Studies, 19 (02), pp. 225227. [1] Brown, N. J. 2003.  Palestinian politics after the Oslo Accords p. 7 [2] Ibid p. 9 [3] Ibid p. 10 [4] Ibid p. 10 [5] Jones, D. 1999.  Cosmopolitan mediation?. Manchester: Manchester University Press p. 131. [6] Rynhold, J. 2007. Cultural Shift and Foreign Policy Change Israel and the Making of the Oslo Accords.  p. 420 [7] Weinberger, P. E. 2006.  Co-opting the PLO.p. 17 [8] Ibid p. 17 [9] Ibid p. 18 [10] Freedman, R. O. 1998.  The Middle East and the peace process. p. 20 [11] Ibid p. 21 [12] Ibid p. 21 [13] Brown 2003 p. 9 [14] Ibid p. 10 [15] Freedman 1998 p. 20 [16] Jones 1999 p. 130 [17] Ibid p. 131 [18] Brown 2003 p. 10 [19] Kelman, H. C. 1999. The interdependence of Israeli and Palestinian national identities: The role of the other in existential conflicts. P. 581 [20] Ibid 1999 p. 582 [21] Barnett, M. 1999. Culture, strategy and foreign policy change: Israels road to Oslo.  p. 5 [22] Armstrong, K. 1996 p. 50 [23] Sasley, B. E. 2010 p. 688 [24] Hatina, M. 1999p. 38 [25] Gorelick, B. A. 2003 p. 652 [26] Ibid 2003 p. 653 [27] Celso, A. N. 2003. The Death of the Oslo Accords: Israeli Security Options in the Post-Arafat Era.p. 68 [28] Pundak, R. 2001. From Oslo to Taba: What Went Wrong? [29] Horowitz   2005 p. 2 [30] Atran, S., Axelrod, R., Davis, R. and Others. 2007. Sacred barriers to conflict resolution p. 1039 [31] Celso, A. N. 2003 p. 67 [32] Ibid p. 68 [33] Ibid p. 68 [34] Ibid. p. 69 [35] Atran et al 2007, p. 1040 [36] Ibid 2007 p. 1041 [37] Ibid 2007 p. 1042 [38] Sasley,   2010 p. 688 [39] Ibid 2010 p. 688 [40] Atran et al 2007, p. 1041

5 Questions to Consider When Writing for Children

5 Questions to Consider When Writing for Children 5 Questions to Consider When Writing for Children 5 Questions to Consider When Writing for Children By Mark Nichol â€Å"I want to write a book for children† gets you about as far as saying, â€Å"I want to write fiction† or â€Å"I want to write nonfiction.† It’s a start, but only that. There are many forms and genres and age groups to consider, and though you can certainly move fluidly among them, what you’re going to write right now needs more focus. As you develop your ideas for a children’s book, be sure to answer these questions: 1. What do you want to write about? Is your book going to be autobiographical or semiautobiographical? Is it about a natural phenomenon, or a historical event, or a social issue? It is about a cultural or artistic topic? Write a sentence no longer than any of the ones in this paragraph that summarizes what the book is about. Or step back even further and try a tagline like the snappy phrase on a movie poster or a book’s back cover that encapsulates the theme. (The tagline for one story I’ve been working on is simply â€Å"Believe.† Another theme is â€Å"Friends don’t hesitate.†) 2. What form will the story take? Is the book nonfiction, explaining a scientific concept or exploring an issue from the past or present? Or is it going to be a fictional account of a scientific discovery or a story that takes place during a significant historical event or cultural movement? Either form may serve the subject matter well, but you must decide which one this project will take before you develop the narrative. 3. What’s the target demographic? â€Å"Children’s books† is a huge category. Are you writing for beginning readers, elementary school students, preteens, or adolescents? Will children of one gender or another be more likely to read your book? Is it directed toward a certain ethnic group (but written in such a way that others don’t feel excluded)? Research reading levels and match your book’s vocabulary to the intended age range. Decide who the ideal reader is, and check your work frequently to make sure you’re focusing on that child. If you repeatedly veer off, don’t try to force yourself to get back on target when it’s obviously not the right fit. Change the target. 4. What’s my word count? For very young children, picture books (generally 28 pages in a 32-page book with up to a few sentences on each page) are the norm. You should be able to tell your story or account in as little as a few dozen words for preschoolers to up to several hundred for seven- or eight-year-olds. Chapter books novels for readers this age or slightly older, might have up to a thousand words or so. Preteens can handle up to 40,000 words or so, and young teenagers about twice that; books for older adolescents, like those for adults, are often 100,000 words or more. 5. How do I want readers to feel? Basically, comfort young readers, and challenge older ones. For preadolescents of any age, nonfiction should not frighten children with stark facts about environmental crisis, for example, and fiction should not expose them to unhappy or uncomfortable circumstances. The violence and turmoil of the kind found in fairy tales and myths is acceptable, but real-life mayhem is off limits. Teenagers, on the other hand, are coming to grips with reality and can more or less handle more adult-themed materials as long as it’s not explicit or bleak. Psychological issues, familial and societal friction, and other mature themes are appropriate when handled evenhandedly. Even books for adolescents, however, should have upbeat conclusions. (Comeuppance for villains or reprobates is fine, but sympathetic characters, while they should be given obstacles and ordeals to overcome and can experience physical and psychological pain, should emerge from the story intact.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Homograph ExamplesAwoken or Awakened?Adverbs and Hyphens